lettuce pests and diseases

Avoid lettuce pests. The Field Identification Guide is an invaluable resource growers, workers, students and consultants to correctly identify pests, beneficials, diseases and disorders in lettuce in Australia.. Intended to be used as a tool in integrated pest management in lettuce, it draws on the experience of a range of scientists and industry experts. Furthermore, the most appropriate actions may vary according to the cropping situation. Yellowing and distorted leaves. On the basal leaves appear yellow spots, that after a while is getting dark. Amongst the most common diseases of lettuce are mildew and moulds. Many lettuce diseases can cause considerable damage and occasionally complete crop loss. Anthracnose is a fungus which survives in the debris of infected Diseases: Some of the common diseases affecting lettuce include anthracnose, bottom rot, damping off and more. Caterpillars attacking the fall crop are usually the most troublesome field pests of lettuce. The most common beetles in vegetable gardens are cucumber beetles, seedcorn beetles, click beetles, and flea beetles. Diseases of Lettuce Giiy Weston Bohn American gardeners grow several types of lettucethe loose leaf varieties, cos or romaine, butterhead, and iceberg. Lettuces Diseases Downy Mildew Lettuce Integrated Pest Management . But no matter how diverse and healthy the garden eco-system may be, there will always be a degree of disease and pest Lettuces are relatively pest and disease free. Check around the lettuce plant for uninvited guests to potentially eliminate disease of any kind as the cause for deterioration. Practice cultural controls, such as handpicking and traps for slugs, or blasts of water for aphids. Troubleshooting Pests And Diseases. Learn more about your crops in our library, Learn about ways to keep your crops healthy, Small water-soaked tan spots on outer leaves which may expand and turn straw colored; centers fall out of mature lesions giving plant a shot-hole appearance, Fungus survives in crop debris in soil; disease spread by splashing water, Plant infected with leaf drop surrounded by health plants, Lettuce head infected with leaf drop disease, Wilting of outside leaves which spreads inwards until whole plant is affected; soft watery lesions on leaves; leaves collapse and lie on soil surface; black fungal structures on infected leaf tissue and soil surface, White, powdery fungal growth on the top and underside of older leaves; leaves turning yellow or brown; small black fruiting bodies may be visible, Disease emergence favors humid weather conditions; disease can be spread over long distance by wind movements, Small, irregularly shaped chlorotic spots on oldest plant leaves which enlarge and turn brown and dry out; lesiuons may fall out of leaves creating holes; leaf spots may have chlorotic halos; if plant is severely infected, lesions may coalesce forming large necrotic patches, wilting leaves and plant death, Fungus survives in infected seed and in crop debris; disease spreads in humid or wet conditions; can be spread by splashing water; wild lettuce is an important overwintering site for the fungus, Close-up of lettuce leaf infected with MiLBVV, Lettuce infected with MiLBVV, enlarged veins clearly visible, Veins enlarged and clear; puckered or ruffled leaves; upright outer leaves, Virus is soil-borne and is introduced to plants via the fungus, Irregularly shaped holes in leaves and stems; flowers and fruit may also be damaged if present; if infestation is severe, leaves may be shredded; slime trails present on rocks, walkways, soil and plant foliage; several slug and snail species are common garden pests; slugs are dark gray to black in color and can range in size from 2.5 to 10 cm (1-4 in); garden snails are generally smaller and possess a rounded or spiral shell, Slugs and snails prefer moist, shaded habitats and will shelter in weeds or organic trash; adults may deposit eggs in the soil throughout the season; damage to plants can be extensive, Close-up of lesions on leaf midrib caused by bottom rot, Symptoms of bottom rot on iceberg lettuce clearly showing lesions associated with leaf midribs, Small red to brown spots on lower leaves, usually on underside of midrib which may expand rapidly causing the leaves to rot; amber colored liquid may ooze from leaf lesions; as stems rot, head of lettuce becomes slimy and brown and collapse; a tan or brown mycelial growth may be visible in infected tissue, Fungus survives on crop debris in soil; disease emergence favored by warm, wet weather, Light green or chlorotic angular lesions on topside of leaves which turn yellow; fluffy white growth on underside of leaves, Disease favors cool, moist conditions; can be spread via infected seed; fungus survives in plant debris and in wild lettuce plants, Links will be auto-linked. Resources to manage pests and diseases Vegetable crops grown in the South West of Western Australia are affected by a range of pests and diseases. In the greenhouse, aphid and cabbage looper infestations often give problems. Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects and they come in colors green, yellow or purple. diseases of lettuce are very different. Symptoms. Lettuce Agriculture: Pest Management Guidelines University of California's official guidelines for pest monitoring techniques, pesticides, and nonpesticide alternatives for managing pests in agriculture. Concerning crop rotation, introducing lettuce after cabbage can eliminate the pest from the garden. Hydroponically grown lettuce is still susceptible to pests, such as insects and bacteria. The extent of losses caused by these diseases to lettuce crops varies considerably according to the disease type, method of crop production, lettuce variety, season and other factors. Pests and diseases Pests and diseases that affect lettuce crops in Queensland and how to manage them; Further information. Pests of Lettuce. Some crops are more susceptible to damage from different pests than others. Integrated pest management (IPM) is a strategy that draws on a range of management Some foliar diseases, including bacterial leaf spot and lettuce mosaic are also seedborne, and the use of pathogen free seed is an important component of disease management. However, growing lettuce involves pest management and, more importantly, disease management. These diseases range from serious ones such as downy mildew to minor diseases such as bottom rot. The main insect pests and diseases affecting the production of lettuce within Queensland such as thrips, aphids, rots, moulds, wilts, and rust However they do occasionally suffer from pests and diseases and the main ones are described below. Many insect pest and disease management problems arise from relying entirely on pesticides for control. Different pest thresholds have been developed for While growing lettuce should be an easy task, like many vegetables, numerous types of pests can destroy your lettuce crop. Common Pests and Diseases . You may use , Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus (MiLBVV), Click here to go to the topics page to know more about the crop. There are a number of lines of defence against pests (that, those animals that cause damage to the plants we grow) and diseases in the orchard, principal among these being the practice of good husbandry, creating healthy soil and ensuring high standards of garden hygiene. Avoid chemical sprays, as you will be eating these leaves eventually. While growing lettuce should be an easy task, like many vegetables, numerous types of pests can destroy your lettuce crop. Other diseases can be very damaging in certain cropping situations, either regularly or occasionally, such as ring spot, powdery mildew and pythium root rot. Because lettuce has a fairly short growing season, weeds can severely hamper the growth of a healthy crop. The Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests, Second Edition is divided into four parts titled Infectious Diseases; Arthropod (insect) Pests; Injuries and Abiotic and Noninfectious Diseases and Disorders; and Postharvest Diseases and Disorders. We will discuss being aware of diseases a little later in this article. Pests and diseases affecting lettuce. Your gift will go 100% to PlantVillage and is tax free in the USA. Lettuce pests can be divided into three categories: weeds, diseases and insect pests. These pests can infect plants, causing diseases and damage. Some foliar diseases, including bacterial leaf spot and lettuce mosaic are also seedborne, and the use of pathogen free seed is an important component of disease management. Sandra McDougall, Industry Leader (Field Vegetables), Yanco Agricultural Institute . Most of the commercial acreage of lettuce is in the Southwestern States, where lettuce, most of it the iceberg type, is grown the The Field Identification Guide is an invaluable resource for grower, workers, students and consultants to correctly identify pests, beneficials, diseases and disorders in lettuce in Australia. By Jan Saints (Own work): CC-BY-2.0. Fungal lettuce diseases, such as damping off or sclerotinia drop (white mold), are caused by soil borne fungi that thrive in cool, damp soil and are primarily lettuce seedling diseases. Caterpillars attacking the fall crop are usually the most troublesome field pests of lettuce. lettuce plants. Avoid lettuce pests. They are; Lettuce Infectious Yellows Virus (LIYV), Lettuce Mosaic Virus (LMV), Beet Western Yellows Virus (BWYV), Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AMV) and Big Vein. Most commercial lettuce seed is tested for the presence of the Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), and only seed lots that have no virus detected in Lettuce crops can be attacked by several fungal and Oomycete diseases, the principal ones being downy mildew, grey mould and sclerotinia. Aphids. Aphids and leafhoppers both can easily spread diseases amongst lettuce plants. If pests are continually destroying your lettuce, read this lettuce pest control information to help you deal with common lettuce pests. A usually grey, fuzzy fungal growth which can begin as pale or discoloured patches. Damping Off. Last updated: The Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests, Second Edition, addresses these changes and challenges by providing the most up-to-date and comprehensive resource available on lettuce diseases and pests, as well as their management. development and spread of horticultural pests and to the history of measures formulated for their control. The guide will cover the following: Can be attacked by all organs of Any variety of lettuce is fairly easy to grow; however, most varieties are susceptible to Lettuce necrotic stunt virus is unusual in that it has no known invertebrate (insect or nematode) or fungus vector to carry it to its plant host. Stunted growth and an unsightly black sticky substance on the plant. Plants will wilt and turn yellow. Intended as a tool in integrated pest management, it assists growers, workers, students and consultants to correctly identify pests (at different developmental stages), beneficials (predators and parasitoids), diseases Alfalfa Mosaic; Ammonium Toxicity; Anthracnose; Aster Yellows; Bacterial Leaf Spot; Beet Western Yellows; Beet Yellow Stunt; Big Vein; Botrytis Crown Rot; Corky Root; Downy Mildew; Fusarium Wilt; Lettuce Chlorosis; Lettuce Dieback; Lettuce Drop; Lettuce Mosaic; Phoma Basal Rot; Powdery Mildew; Rhizoctonia Diseases In the greenhouse, aphid and cabbage looper infestations often give problems. Monitor for early disease symptoms by moving As an added complication Root aphids are not visible to the naked eye Compendium of Lettuce Diseases and Pests, Second Edition, edited by K. V. Subbarao et al., addresses these changes and challenges by providing the most up-to-date and comprehensive resource available on lettuce diseases, disorders, and pests and their management. In recent years, consumer demands for more nutritious salad products have brought major changes in the types of lettuce produced and in the methods of their cultivation.