According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, between 200,000 and 400,000 boat people died at sea. For the period of the Vietnam War the totals are 1,310,000 between 1955 and 1964, 1,700,000 between 196574 and 810,000 between 1975 and 1984. The Army instigated myriad reforms, addressed issues of discrimination and prejudice from the post exchanges to the lack of black officers, and introduced "Mandatory Watch And Action Committees" into each unit. In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 19671972. non-hostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War, including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Thailand. The vietnam war Pictures That Moved Them Most . [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. 7,484 women served in Vietnam, of whom 6,250 or 83.5% were nurses. The forces involved in this war (by the conclusion of the war) included: The war was fought in dense jungle terrain, so the American military developed a chemical solution known as Agent Orange to burn through the brush and lure out the hiding Viet Cong forces. The following is a chart of all casualties, listed by race, and in descending order. It granted him broad latitude in handling the struggle against communism in Southeast Asia. This series contains records of U.S. military officers and soldiers who died as a result of either a hostile or nonhostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North . Ambassador to Vietnam David Shear. Congress authorized troop deployment in Vietnam, but, because it did not issue a declaration of war on North Vietnam or the Viet Cong, the Vietnam War is, technically speaking, not considered a war in the United States. About 2 million Vietnamese civilians were killed in the fighting. 1975. Being killed in action was the leading cause of American casualties. Da Nang was the primary storage site of the chemical. [66][67] After the U.S.'s withdrawal from the conflict, the Pentagon estimated PAVN/VC deaths at 39,000 in 1973 and 61,000 in 1974. This totals, from a range of between 16,000 and 167,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam during the (Dim-era), and 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam in the post Dim-era), excluding PAVN forces killed by the ARVN in combat. The Vietnam War officially came to an end in 1975 when South Vietnam surrendered to North Vietnam, unable to maintain the fight. The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial and ground fighting. South Vietnam supplied a total of 942,000 troops. Ho Khang, ed, Marilyn Young. This list is organized in alphabetical order, and can be used to determine the place on the Vietnam Memorial where an individual's name can be found - the panel and line number to the right of the name. It is still a concern in Southeast Asia today. combat, provided close combat support or were at least fairly regularly. Cobra helicopters totaled 1,110,716 flight hours in Vietnam. The sum of those totals is 3,091,000 war deaths between 195575. The United States had provided funding, armaments, and training to South Vietnams government and military since Vietnams partition into the communist North and the democratic South in 1954. Create your account. ^ 1st Cavalry Division was the unit with most casualties suffered during the Vietnam War with 32,036; including 5,444 KIA and 26,592 wounded. Though the Vietnamese army incurred more casualties, it was a . The United States provided funding and troops to the South Vietnamese effort to prevent Communism from spreading further in East Asia. On October 22, 1957, the U.S. forces suffered their first hostile casualties. [92], African Americans suffered disproportionately high casualty rates in Vietnam. Chapter 14: "The cease-fire war claimed 26,500 ARVN dead in 1973, and almost 30,000 in 1974. American Greatness, by Victor Davis Hanson Original Article. [19] Rummel's mid-level estimate includes 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC. Calculating U.S. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurse2013 (. In general we index the memorials at the lowest practical unit level. According to RJ Rummel, from 1964 to 1975, an estimated 1,500 people died during the forced relocations of 1,200,000 civilians, another 5,000 prisoners died from ill-treatment and about 30,000 suspected communists and fighters were executed. [101], Agent Orange and similar chemical defoliants have also caused a considerable number of deaths and injuries over the years, including among the US Air Force crew that handled them. The database also estimates combat deaths in Cambodia for the years 196775 to total 259,000. McNamara claimed this program would provide valuable training, skills and opportunity to America's poora promise that was never carried out. [58] According to Guenter Lewy, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war. This is also the main reason that soldiers in Vietnam saw more action than those soldiers of preceding wars. 1. Principal Wars in Which the US Participated . Fighting continued on a lesser scale for some time afterwards and refugee numbers rose sharply due to the continued conflict, but the development of a strong trading market in the 80s helped the nation become more unified. [40][37] Sometimes civilian casualties from airstrikes or artillery barrages against villages were reported as "enemies killed". Answer (1 of 3): !st Cavalry Division KIA - 5,444 WIA - 26,592 Total Casualties - 32,036 The First Team was in VN from Aug 1965 until Aug 1972 Per: Willbanks, James H. (2013). Reference Information Paper 103", "From the Archives: President Nixon welcomes Marines home from Vietnam", "MILITARY: Marine unit that suffered most casualties coming home", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_units_with_the_highest_percentage_of_casualties_per_conflict&oldid=1125722100, This page was last edited on 5 December 2022, at 13:58. Contents1 What was the ratio [] [62] Across all three wars including the First Indochina War and the Third Indochina War there was a total of 1,146,250 PAVN/VC confirmed military deaths, included 939,460 with bodies recovered and 207,000 with the bodies unfound. Although North Vietnamese and Viet Cong casualty counts vary wildly, it is generally understood that they suffered several times the number of American casualties. Unit Best Practice Resources Sample Unit LDP Orders Leadership Toolkits . [8], Lewy estimates that 40,000 South Vietnamese civilians were assassinated by the PAVN/VC; 300,000 were killed as a result of combat in South Vietnam, and 65,000 were killed in North Vietnam for a total of 405,000 killed. The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial and ground fighting. Civilian deaths were also caused by mortar and artillery, extensive aerial bombing and the use of firepower in military operations conducted in heavily populated areas. Vietnam War Casualties record set contains 58,192 additional names of service people who lost their lives while serving overseas. Deaths in Cambodia and Laos were estimated at 273,000 and 62,000 respectively. These records were transferred into the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration in 2008. Updates? These deaths made up about 40% of the total casualties. * From 1956-1964, 417Americans died in Vietnam. The Virtual Wall uses the Coffelt Database (CDB) for unit assignment information. [11], Author Mark Woodruff noted that when the Vietnamese Government finally revealed its estimated losses (in April 1995) as being 1.1 million dead or missing, U.S body count figures had actually underestimated enemy losses. United States, National Archives, Korean War and Vietnam War Records; United States Vietnam War 1964 to 1972; Related Websites: NARA Series Description; NARA Reference Information Paper 90 Prisoners of War and Missing in Action from the Vietnam War Era; NARA State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists for the Vietnam War Unit: Nickname: KIA: Comment: 1st Cavalry Division: First . flashcard sets. 58,148 were killed in Vietnam, 75,000 severely disabled, 23,214 were 100% disabled, 5,283 lost limbs and 1,081 sustained multiple amputations. Ronald H. Spector is Professor of History and International Affairs in the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University. The Internet cannot and has not replaced on-the-spot investigation, though; in example, one member of the Coffelt Group has photographed over 80,000 documents at the LBJ and Nixon Presidential Libraries and in the National Archives. Deaths in the Vietnam War. [32] and studies have shown higher rates of casualties, health effects, and next-generation birth defects in Vietnamese peoples. 8. The United States Army lost the most troops in the Vietnam War, over 38,000 soldiers. However, from a constitutional perspective, this conflict did not technically count as a war. Battle of Hamburger Hill. No estimate given for deaths caused by Viet Cong/North Vietnam (195475). 1968 Tet Offensive - Hanoi failed in its most ambitious goal of producing a general uprising in the South, it suffered more than 45,267 (mainly Viet Cong) deaths but gained a propaganda, political and strategic victory. The human costs of the long conflict were harsh for all involved. [26] The program resulted in an estimated 26,000 to 41,000 killed, with an unknown number possibly being innocent civilians. Data for this series of conflicts includes military personnel killed in the attacks on the USS Cole on October 12, 2000, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and in Afghanistan and elsewhere since those dates. The 2nd Marine Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Binh Tai Massacre on 9 October 1966. In that respect, it failed: the two Vietnams were united under a communist banner in July 1976. This led to increased racial tension in the military. COAST GUARD *, Copyright 1997-2018 www.VirtualWall.org, Ltd (TM), Division level indexes are used for Division HQ and minor assigned unit personnel, Brigade level indexes are used for Brigade HQ and minor assigned unit personnel, Aviation Group level indexes are used for Group HQ and minor assigned unit personnel, Aviation Battalion level indexes are used for Bn HQ, minor assigned units, and Aviation Companies which stayed with a single Battalion throughout their time in Vietnam, Separate Battalion indexes are used for Battalions not assigned to a Regiment, Aviation Companies that served with two or more Aviation Battalions while in Vietnam are indexed separately. Many black men who had previously been ineligible could now be drafted, along with many poor and racially intolerant white men from the southern states. Dr. Shulimson heads the History Writing Unit and is a graduate of the University of Buffalo, now the State University of New York at Buffalo. American civilians were not killed in the Vietnam War. This article displays the highest percentage of casualties among American units, including those wiped out as an effective force. The riot at the Long Binh Jail is the most publicized of thousands of racial incidents reported in South Vietnam between 1968 and 1971. History 308: Causes and Effects of the Vietnam War, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Participants & Strategies in the Vietnam War, Casualties of the Vietnam War: Causes & Statistics, Primary Source: Brent Scowcroft's 'Escape from South Vietnam' Memorandum, Postwar Relations Between America and Vietnam, Vietnam Veterans Memorial: Description & History, Primary Source: New York Times' Article on Tribute to Vietnam Dead, Vietnam Syndrome: Definition, Causes & Impact, Studying for History 308: Causes & Effects of the Vietnam War, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, SAT Subject Test World History: Practice and Study Guide, Praxis Elementary Education: Multiple Subjects (5001) Prep, History 307: American Civil Rights Movement, Praxis Fundamental Subjects: Content Knowledge (5511) Prep, Praxis Elementary Education: Social Studies Subtest (5004) Prep, US History - Civil War: Lesson Plans & Resources, 6th Grade World History I: Homeschool Curriculum, The French and Indian War Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Middle Colonies Economic Industry Activities, New England Colonies Economic Industry Activities, Sugar Act Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Sons of Liberty Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Boston Tea Party Activities for 4th Grade, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. The study came up with a most likely Vietnamese death toll of 882,000, which included 655,000 adult males (above 15 years of age), 143,000 adult females, and 84,000 children. Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010: see the "National Cemeteries and Beneficiaries" section below. [7], R. J. Rummel's mid-range estimate in 1997 was that the total deaths due to the Vietnam War totaled 2,450,000 from 195475. Harper Perennial; September 1991. Neighbouring Laos and Cambodia similarly fell to communists. The earliest casualty record contains a date of death of . [2], Arapaho tribe Cheyenne tribeLakota tribes, Vichy FranceItalian Social Republic 19431945Kingdom of Italy19421943, American units with the highest percentage of casualties per conflict, US units with most casualties per conflict, Union and Confederate numbers added together, The 215 casualty figure is disputed. In 1982 the Vietnam Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C., inscribed with the names of 57,939 members of U.S. armed forces who had died or were missing as a result of the war. The United States lost 58,220 known military personnel. The idea that this war was only to stop the spread of communism and push democracy on newly forming nations was very unpopular, and many civilians believed that the United States should not have gotten involved at all. These statistics were sourced from the appendix of On the offensive: the Australian Army in the Vietnam War 1967-1968. Discover the countries that took part in the Vietnam war and how many people died in the Vietnam war. The "patrol boat: riverine," or Navy PBR, was the first watercraft built for the so-called brown water navy in Vietnam. Rummel estimates 212,000 killed by Khmer Rouge (19671975), 60,000 killed by U.S. and 1,000 killed by South Vietnam (196773). His estimate of total deaths is reflected in the table. The names of those who gave their lives and of those who remain missing are inscribed in the order they . "[56] Investigations by Korean civic groups have alleged that at least 9,000 civilians were massacred by ROK forces. The U.S. military has estimated that between 200,000 and 250,000 South Vietnamese soldiers died. The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. [6], A 2008 study by the BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal) came up with a higher toll of 3,812,000 dead in Vietnam between 19552002. An estimate by the Department of Defense after the war gave a figure of 1.2 million civilian casualties, including 195,000 deaths. These are the most accurate estimates of the death tolls for each group of fighters: Civilians made up a large portion of the casualties in the Vietnam War. The Coffelt Database is an intellectual property with copyrights held by the Coffelt Group and other contributing organizations. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Chart and statistics of US death/wounded in war as well as amputation ratios in the Afghanistan war compared with other major operations. Once a unit assignment has been determined, a link to the individual's memorial page is included in the appropriate Unit Index. The Vietnam War was costly to the U.S. Marine Corps. Support for the war was lacking in the United States, so the decision was made to discontinue efforts there. A casualty is just a soldier who is no longer available for the immediate battle or campaign, the major consideration in combat. Lebanon (1982-1984) 240. Search and destroy was a term to describe operations aimed at flushing the Viet Cong out of hiding, while body count was the measuring stick for operation success and this resulted in exaggeration and listing civilian deaths as enemy KIA. (The estimates for 195564 are much higher than other estimates). In general we index the memorials at the lowest practical unit level. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union and China poured weapons, supplies, and advisers into the North, which in turn provided support, political direction, and regular combat troops for the campaign in the South. [65], According to the Vietnamese government's official history, one of the deadliest years was 1972, where they lost over 100,000 casualties. MARINE CORPS * 1st Battalion, 9th Marines. According to the Department of Veterans Affairs, we are losing an estimated 500 Vietnam veterans every day. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. 28 August 2013. The boat people's first destinations were the Southeast Asian locations of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Many of the refugees failed to survive the passage, facing danger from pirates, over-crowded boats, and storms. The Vietnam War was a long, deadly struggle that took place from 1954 to 1975 between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. [50][51] South Korean Marines reportedly perpetrated the H My massacre on 25 February 1968. The US entered into war with Vietnam because they did not want the spread of Communism to occur in the democratic state of South Vietnam. Other Deaths (In Theater) 2,835 Other Deaths in Service (Non-Theater) 17,672 Non-mortal Woundings 103,284 Living Veterans 1,165,000 Vietnam War (1964-1975) Total U.S. Servicemembers (Worldwide)6 8,744,000 Deployed to Southeast Asia 7 3,403,000 Battle Deaths 8 47,434 Other Deaths (In Theater)8 10,786 Other Deaths in Service (Non-Theater)8 32,000 And John Sullivan enlisted in the Navy after graduating high school and served as a second class machinist mate during the Vietnam War. The war was fought largely in North Vietnam and South Vietnam, though some fighting did occur in the neighboring territories of Cambodia and Laos. Approximately 8,000 Coast Guardsmen served in Vietnam - but our legacy does not stop there. [24] Benjamin Valentino estimates 110,000310,000 deaths as a "possible case" of "counter-guerrilla mass killings" by U.S. and South Vietnamese forces during the war. 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